• 經濟金融常用術語漢英對照表格介紹

    時間:2022-12-17 18:13:14 金融 我要投稿
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    經濟金融常用術語漢英對照表格介紹

      A

      安全網 safety net

      按可比口徑 on comparable basis

      按輕重緩急 to prioritize

      暗補 implicit subsidy

      暗虧 hidden loss

      B

      頒發營業執照 to license;to grant a licence to

      辦理存款業務 to take deposits

      保護農民的生產積極性 to protect farmers'incentive to produce

      備付金(超額準備金) excess reserves

      本外幣并賬 consolidation of domestic and foreign currencyaccounts

      本外幣對沖操作 sterilization operation

      本位利益 localized interest;departmentalism

      奔小康 to strive to prosper;to strive to become well-to-do

      避稅(請見“逃稅”) tax avoidance

      幣種搭配不當 currency mismatch

      幣種構成 currency composition

      變相社會集資 disguised irregular(or illegal) fund raising

      表外科目(業務) off-balance-sheet items(operation)

      薄弱環節 weaknesses;loopholes

      不變成本 fixed cost

      不變價 at constant price;in real terms

      不動產 real estate

      不良貸款(資產) problem loans;non-performing loans(assets)

      經濟金融術語漢英對照表 H

      經濟金融術語漢英對照表 H 整理時間: 2004/10/28

      H

      合理預期 rational expectation

      核心資本 core capital

      合資企業 joint-venture enterprises

      紅利 dividend

      宏觀經濟運營良好 sound macroeconomic performance

      宏觀經濟基本狀況 macroeconomic fundamentals

      宏觀調控 macroeconomic management(or adjustment)

      宏觀調控目標 macroeconomic objectives(or targets)

      壞賬 bad debt

      還本付息 debt service

      換匯成本 unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings

      匯兌在途 funds in float

      匯兌支出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank

      匯率并軌 unification of exchange rates

      活期存款 demand deposits

      匯率失調 exchange rate misalignment

      混合所有制 diversified(mixed)ownership

      貨幣政策態勢 monetary policy stance

      貨款拖欠 overdue obligations to suppliers

      經濟金融術語漢英對照表 J

      J

      基本建設投資 investment in infrastructure

      基本經濟要素 economic fundamentals

      基本適度 broadly appropriate

      基準利率 benchmark interest rate

      機關團體存款 deposits of non-profit institutions

      機會成本 opportunity cost

      激勵機制 incentive mechanism

      積壓嚴重 heavy stockpile;excessive inventory

      擠提存款 run on banks

      擠占挪用 unwarranted diversion of(financial)resources(from designated uses)

      技改投資 investment in technological upgrading

      技術密集型產品 technology-intensive product

      計劃單列市 municipalities with independent planning status

      計劃經濟 planned economy

      集體經濟 the collective sector

      加大結構調整力度 to intensify structural adjustment

      加工貿易 processing trade

      加快態勢 accelerating trend

      加強稅收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration

      加權價 weighted average price

      價格放開 price liberalization

      價格形成機制 pricing mechanism

      減虧 to reduce losses

      簡化手續 to cut red tape;to simplify(streamline)procedures

      交投活躍 brisk trading

      繳存準備金 to deposit required reserves

      結構扭曲 structural distortion

      結構失調 structural imbalance

      結構性矛盾突出 acute structural imbalance

      結構優化 structural improvement(optimization)

      結匯、售匯 sale and purchase of foreign exchange

      金融脆弱 financial fragility

      金融動蕩 financial turbulence

      金融風波 financial disturbance

      金融恐慌 financial panic

      金融危機 financial crisis

      金融壓抑 financial repression

      金融衍生物 financial derivatives

      金融詐騙 financial fraud

      緊縮銀根 to tighten monetary policy

      緊縮政策 austerity policies;tight financial policies

      經常賬戶可兌換 current account convertibility

      經濟特區 special economic zones(SEZs)

      經濟體制改革 economic reform

      經濟增長方式的轉變 change in the main source of economic growth(from investment expansion to efficiency gains)

      經濟增長減速 economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth

      經濟制裁 economic sanction

      經營自主權 autonomy in management

      景氣回升 recovery in business activity

      境外投資 overseas investment

      競爭加劇 intensifying competition

      局部性金融風波 localized(isolated)financial disturbance

      經濟金融術語漢英對照表 G

      G

      改革試點 reform experimentation

      杠桿率 leverage ratio

      杠桿收購 leveraged buyout

      高息集資 to raise funds by offering high interest

      個人股 non-institutional shares

      根本扭轉 fundamental turnaround(or reversal)

      公開市場操作 open market operations

      公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts

      公用事業 public utilities

      公有經濟 the state-owned sector;the public sector

      公有制 public ownership

      工業成本利潤率 profit-to-cost ratio

      工業增加值 industrial value added

      供大于求 supply exceeding demand;excessive supply

      鼓勵措施 incentives

      股份合作企業 joint-equity cooperative enterprises

      股份制企業 joint-equity enterprises

      股份制銀行 joint-equity banks

      固定資產貸款 fixed asset loans

      關稅減免 tariff reduction and exemption

      關稅減讓 tariff concessions

      關稅優惠 tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment

      規范行為 to regularize(or standardize)…behavior

      規模效益 economies of scale

      國計民生 national interest and people's livelihood

      國家對個人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals

      國家風險 country risk

      國際分工 international division of labor

      國際收支 balance of payments

      國有獨資商業銀行 wholly state-owned commercial banks

      國有經濟(部門) the state-owned(or public)sector

      國有企業 state-owned enterprises(SOEs)

      國有制 state-ownership

      國有資產流失 erosion of state assets

      國債回購 government securities repurchase

      國債一級自營商 primary underwriters of government securities

      過度競爭 excessive competition

      過度膨脹 excessive expansion

      過熱跡象 signs of overheating

      經濟金融術語漢英對照表 E-F

      E

      惡性通貨膨脹 hyperinflation

      二級市場 secondary market

      F

      發行貨幣 to issue currency

      發行總股本 total stock issue

      法定準備金 required reserves;reserve requirement

      法人股 institutional shares

      法人股東 institutional shareholders

      法治 rule of law

      房地產投資 real estate investment

      放松銀根 to ease monetary policy

      非現場稽核 off-site surveillance(or monitoring)

      非銀行金融機構 non-bank financial institutions

      非贏利性機構 non-profit organizations

      分稅制 assignment of central and local taxes;tax assignment system

      分業經營 segregation of financial business(services);division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions

      風險暴露(風險敞口) risk exposure

      風險管理 risk management

      風險意識 risk awareness

      風險資本比例 risk-weighted capital ratios

      風險資本標準 risk-based capital standard

      服務事業收入 public service charges;user's charges

      扶貧 poverty alleviation

      負增長 negative growth

      復式預算制 double-entry budgeting;capital and current budgetary account

      經濟金融術語漢英對照表 D

      D

      打白條 issue IOU

      大額存單 certificate of deposit(CD)

      大額提現 withdraw deposits in large amounts

      大面積滑坡 wide-spread decline

      大一統的銀行體制 (all-in-one)mono-bank system

      呆賬(請見“壞賬”) bad loans

      呆賬準備金 loan loss reserves(provisions)

      呆滯貸款 idle loans

      貸款沉淀 non-performing loans

      貸款分類 loan classification

      貸款限額管理 credit control;to impose credit ceiling

      貸款約束機制 credit disciplinary(constraint)mechanism

      代理國庫 to act as fiscal agent

      代理金融機構貸款 make loans on behalf of other institutions

      戴帽貸款 ear-marked loans

      倒逼機制 reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition

      道德風險 moral hazard

      地區差別 regional disparity

      第一產業 the primary industry

      第二產業 the secondary industry

      第三產業 the service industry;the tertiary industry

      遞延資產 deferrable assets

      訂貨不足 insufficient orders

      定期存款 time deposits

      定向募集 raising funds from targeted sources

      東道國(請見“母國”) host country

      獨立核算 independent accounting

      短期國債 treasury bills

      對沖操作 sterilization operation;hedging

      對非金融部門債權 claims on non-financial sector

      多種所有制形式 diversified ownership

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